![]() Muslim traders and Sufi scholars brought the now-dominant Islam, while European powers brought Christianity and fought one another to monopolise trade in the Spice Islands of Maluku during the Age of Discovery. Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Local rulers gradually absorbed foreign cultural, religious and political models from the early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished. The Indonesian archipelago has been an important region for trade since at least the 7th century, when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India. The Indonesian economy is the world's 16th largest by nominal GDP and the 8th largest by GDP at PPP. Indonesia is a founding member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies. Other neighbouring countries include Singapore, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and the eastern part of Malaysia. ![]() Its capital and most populous city is Jakarta. Indonesia has 34 provinces, of which five have Special Administrative status. Indonesia's republican form of government includes an elected legislature and president. The world's most populous island of Java contains more than half of the country's population. It has an estimated population of over 260 million people (September 2016) and is the world's fourth most populous country, the most populous Austronesian nation, as well as the most populous Muslim-majority country. Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans, it is the world's largest island country, with more than thirteen thousand islands. Indonesia ( i / ˌ ɪ n d ə ˈ n iː ʒ ə/ IN-də- NEE-zhə or / ˌ ɪ n d oʊ ˈ n iː z i ə/ IN-doh- NEE-zee-ə Indonesian: ), officially the Republic of Indonesia ( Indonesian : Republik Indonesia ), is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia with some territories in Oceania. ![]() ^a The government officially recognises only six religions: Islam, Protestantism, Roman Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. Independence declared from the Netherlands Unitary presidential constitutional republic ![]()
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